Grant

OAuth Proxy

200+ Supported Providers / OAuth Playground

23andme | 500px | acton | acuityscheduling | adobe | aha | alchemer | amazon | angellist | apple | arcgis | asana | assembla | atlassian | auth0 | authentik | authentiq | authing | autodesk | aweber | axosoft | baidu | basecamp | battlenet | beatport | bitbucket | bitly | box | buffer | campaignmonitor | cas | cheddar | clio | cognito | coinbase | concur | constantcontact | coursera | crossid | dailymotion | deezer | delivery | deputy | deviantart | digitalocean | discogs | discord | disqus | docusign | dribbble | dropbox | ebay | echosign | ecwid | edmodo | egnyte | etsy | eventbrite | evernote | eyeem | facebook | familysearch | feedly | figma | fitbit | flickr | formstack | foursquare | freeagent | freelancer | freshbooks | fusionauth | garmin | geeklist | genius | getbase | getpocket | gitbook | github | gitlab | gitter | goodreads | google | groove | gumroad | harvest | hellosign | heroku | homeaway | hootsuite | huddle | ibm | iconfinder | idme | idonethis | imgur | infusionsoft | instagram | intuit | jamendo | jumplead | kakao | keycloak | line | linkedin | live | livechat | logingov | lyft | mailchimp | mailup | mailxpert | mapmyfitness | mastodon | medium | meetup | mendeley | mention | microsoft | mixcloud | moxtra | myob | naver | nest | netlify | nokotime | notion | nylas | okta | onelogin | openstreetmap | optimizely | osu | patreon | paypal | phantauth | pinterest | plurk | podio | procore | producthunt | projectplace | pushbullet | qq | ravelry | redbooth | reddit | runkeeper | salesforce | sellsy | shoeboxed | shopify | skyrock | slack | slice | smartsheet | smugmug | snapchat | snowflake | socialpilot | socrata | soundcloud | spotify | square | stackexchange | stocktwits | stormz | storyblok | strava | stripe | surveymonkey | surveysparrow | thingiverse | ticketbud | tiktok | timelyapp | todoist | trakt | traxo | trello | tripit | trustpilot | tumblr | twitch | twitter | typeform | uber | unbounce | underarmour | unsplash | untappd | upwork | uservoice | vend | venmo | vercel | verticalresponse | viadeo | vimeo | visualstudio | vk | wechat | weekdone | weibo | withings | wordpress | workos | wrike | xero | xing | yahoo | yammer | yandex | zendesk | zoom

Table of Contents

Migration Guide: from v4 to v5

• Providers
• Handlers
  • Express / Koa / Hapi / Fastify
  • AWS Lambda / Azure Function / Google Cloud Function / Vercel
• Configuration
  • Basics / Description / Values / Scopes
• Connect
  • Origin / Prefix / Redirect URI / Custom Parameters / OpenID Connect / PKCE / Static Overrides
• Callback
  • Data / Transport / Response / Session
• Dynamic Configuration
  • Instance / State / HTTP / OAuth Proxy
• Misc
  • Configuration / Handlers / Request / Types / OAuth Quirks
• Examples
  • express / koa / hapi / fastify / aws / azure / gcloud / vercel
• Changelog

Handlers

HTTP Frameworks

1var express = require('express')
2var session = require('express-session')
3var grant = require('grant').express()
4
5var app = express()
6// REQUIRED: any session store - see /examples/handler-express
7app.use(session({secret: 'grant'}))
8// mount grant
9app.use(grant({/*configuration - see below*/}))

1var Koa = require('koa')
2var session = require('koa-session')
3var grant = require('grant').koa()
4
5var app = new Koa()
6// REQUIRED: any session store - see /examples/handler-koa
7app.keys = ['grant']
8app.use(session(app))
9// mount grant
10app.use(grant({/*configuration - see below*/}))

1var Hapi = require('hapi')
2var yar = require('yar')
3var grant = require('grant').hapi()
4
5var server = new Hapi.Server()
6server.register([
7  // REQUIRED: any session store - see /examples/handler-hapi
8  {plugin: yar, options: {cookieOptions: {password: 'grant', isSecure: false}}},
9  // mount grant
10  {plugin: grant({/*configuration - see below*/})}
11])

1var fastify = require('fastify')
2var cookie = require('@fastify/cookie')
3var session = require('@fastify/session')
4var grant = require('grant').fastify()
5
6fastify()
7  .register(cookie)
8  .register(session, {secret: 'grant', cookie: {secure: false}})
9  .register(grant({/*configuration - see below*/}))

Serverless Functions

1var grant = require('grant').aws({
2  config: {/*configuration - see below*/}, session: {secret: 'grant'}
3})
4
5exports.handler = async (event) => {
6  var {redirect, response} = await grant(event)
7  return redirect || {
8    statusCode: 200,
9    headers: {'content-type': 'application/json'},
10    body: JSON.stringify(response)
11  }
12}

1var grant = require('grant').azure({
2  config: {/*configuration - see below*/}, session: {secret: 'grant'}
3})
4
5module.exports = async (context, req) => {
6  var {redirect, response} = await grant(req)
7  return redirect || {
8    status: 200,
9    headers: {'content-type': 'application/json'},
10    body: JSON.stringify(response)
11  }
12}

1var grant = require('grant').gcloud({
2  config: {/*configuration - see below*/}, session: {secret: 'grant'}
3})
4
5exports.handler = async (req, res) => {
6  var {response} = await grant(req, res)
7  if (response) {
8    res.statusCode = 200
9    res.setHeader('content-type', 'application/json')
10    res.end(JSON.stringify(response))
11  }
12}

1var grant = require('grant').vercel({
2  config: {/*configuration - see below*/}, session: {secret: 'grant'}
3})
4
5module.exports = async (req, res) => {
6  var {response} = await grant(req, res)
7  if (response) {
8    res.statusCode = 200
9    res.setHeader('content-type', 'application/json')
10    res.end(JSON.stringify(response))
11  }
12}

Examples

express / koa / hapi / fastify / aws / azure / gcloud / vercel

ES Modules and TypeScript

Configuration

Configuration: Basics

1{
2  "defaults": {
3    "origin": "http://localhost:3000",
4    "transport": "session",
5    "state": true
6  },
7  "google": {
8    "key": "...",
9    "secret": "...",
10    "scope": ["openid"],
11    "nonce": true,
12    "custom_params": {"access_type": "offline"},
13    "callback": "/hello"
14  },
15  "twitter": {
16    "key": "...",
17    "secret": "...",
18    "callback": "/hi"
19  }
20}

• defaults - default configuration for all providers
  • origin - where your client server can be reached http://localhost:3000 | https://site.com ...
  • transport - a transport used to deliver the response data in your callback route
  • state - generate random state string
• provider - any supported provider google | twitter ...
  • key - consumer_key or client_id of your OAuth app
  • secret - consumer_secret or client_secret of your OAuth app
  • scope - array of OAuth scopes to request
  • nonce - generate random nonce string (OpenID Connect only)
  • custom_params - custom authorization parameters
  • callback - relative route or absolute URL to receive the response data /hello | https://site.com/hey ...

Configuration: Description

Configuration: Values

Configuration: Scopes

Grant relies on configuration gathered from 6 different places:

1. The first place Grant looks for configuration is the built-in oauth.json file located in the config folder.

2. The second place Grant looks for configuration is the defaults key, specified in the user's configuration. These defaults are applied for every provider in the user's configuration.

3. The third place for configuration is the provider itself. All providers in the user's configuration inherit every option defined for them in the oauth.json file, and all options defined inside the defaults key. Having oauth.json file and a defaults configuration is only a convenience. You can define all available options directly for a provider.

4. The fourth place for configuration are the provider's overrides. The static overrides inherit their parent provider, essentially creating new provider of the same type.

5. The fifth place for configuration is the dynamic state override. The request/response lifecycle state of your HTTP framework of choice can be used to dynamically override configuration.

6. The sixth place for configuration, that potentially can override all of the above, and make all of the above optional, is the dynamic HTTP override.

Connect

Connect: Origin

The origin is where your client server can be reached:

1{
2  "defaults": {
3    "origin": "http://localhost:3000"
4  }
5}

You login by navigating to the /connect/:provider route where :provider is a key in your configuration, usually one of the officially supported ones, but you can define your own as well. Additionally you can login through a static override defined for that provider by navigating to the /connect/:provider/:override? route.

Connect: Prefix

By default Grant operates on the following two routes:

/connect/:provider/:override?
/connect/:provider/callback

However, the default /connect prefix can be configured:

1{
2  "defaults": {
3    "origin": "http://localhost:3000",
4    "prefix": "/oauth"
5  }
6}

Connect: Redirect URI

The redirect_uri of your OAuth app should follow this format:

[origin][prefix]/[provider]/callback

Where origin and prefix have to match the ones set in your configuration, and provider is a provider key found in your configuration.

For example: http://localhost:3000/connect/google/callback

This redirect URI is used internally by Grant. Depending on the transport being used you will receive the response data in the callback route or absolute URL configured for that provider.

Connect: Custom Parameters

Some providers may employ custom authorization parameters that you can configure using the custom_params key:

1{
2  "google": {
3    "custom_params": {"access_type": "offline", "prompt": "consent"}
4  },
5  "reddit": {
6    "custom_params": {"duration": "permanent"}
7  },
8  "trello": {
9    "custom_params": {"name": "my app", "expiration": "never"}
10  }
11}

Connect: OpenID Connect

The openid scope is required, and generating a random nonce string is optional but recommended:

1{
2  "google": {
3    "scope": ["openid"],
4    "nonce": true
5  }
6}

Grant does not verify the signature of the returned id_token by default.

However, the following two claims of the id_token are being validated:

1. aud - is the token intended for my OAuth app?
2. nonce - does it tie to a request of my own?

Connect: PKCE

PKCE can be enabled for all providers or for a specific provider only:

1{
2  "google": {
3    "pkce": true
4  }
5}

Providers that do not support PKCE will ignore the additional parameters being sent.

Connect: Static Overrides

Provider sub configurations can be configured using the overrides key:

1{
2  "github": {
3    "key": "...", "secret": "...",
4    "scope": ["public_repo"],
5    "callback": "/hello",
6    "overrides": {
7      "notifications": {
8        "key": "...", "secret": "...",
9        "scope": ["notifications"]
10      },
11      "all": {
12        "scope": ["repo", "gist", "user"],
13        "callback": "/hey"
14      }
15    }
16  }
17}

Navigate to:

• /connect/github to request the public_repo scope
• /connect/github/notifications to request the notifications scope using another OAuth App (key and secret)
• /connect/github/all to request a bunch of scopes and also receive the response data in another callback route

Callback

Callback: Data

By default the response data will be returned in your callback route or absolute URL encoded as querystring.

Depending on the transport being used the response data can be returned in the session or in the state object instead.

The amount of the returned data can be controlled by using the response configuration.

OAuth 2.0

1{
2  id_token: '...',
3  access_token: '...',
4  refresh_token: '...',
5  raw: {
6    id_token: '...',
7    access_token: '...',
8    refresh_token: '...',
9    some: 'other data'
10  }
11}

The refresh_token is optional. The id_token is returned only for OpenID Connect providers requesting the openid scope.

OAuth 1.0a

1{
2  access_token: '...',
3  access_secret: '...',
4  raw: {
5    oauth_token: '...',
6    oauth_token_secret: '...',
7    some: 'other data'
8  }
9}

Error

1{
2  error: {
3    some: 'error data'
4  }
5}

Callback: Transport

querystring

By default Grant will encode the OAuth response data as querystring in your callback route or absolute URL:

1{
2  "github": {
3    "callback": "https://site.com/hello"
4  }
5}

This is useful when using Grant as OAuth Proxy. However this final https://site.com/hello?access_token=... redirect potentially may leak private data in your server logs, especially when sitting behind a reverse proxy.

session

For local callback routes the session transport is recommended:

1{
2  "defaults": {
3    "transport": "session"
4  },
5  "github": {
6    "callback": "/hello"
7  }
8}

This will make the OAuth response data available in the session object instead:

1req.session.grant.response // Express
2ctx.session.grant.response // Koa
3req.yar.get('grant').response // Hapi
4req.session.grant.response // Fastify
5(await session.get()).grant.response // Serverless Function

state

The request/response lifecycle state can be used as well:

1{
2  "defaults": {
3    "transport": "state"
4  }
5}

In this case a callback route is not needed, and it will be ignored if provided. The response data will be available in the request/response lifecycle state object instead:

1res.locals.grant.response // Express
2ctx.state.grant.response // Koa
3req.plugins.grant.response // Hapi
4res.grant.response // Fastify
5var {response} = await grant(...) // Serverless Function

Callback: Response

By default Grant returns all of the available tokens and the raw response data returned by the Authorization server:

1{
2  id_token: '...',
3  access_token: '...',
4  refresh_token: '...',
5  raw: {
6    id_token: '...',
7    access_token: '...',
8    refresh_token: '...',
9    some: 'other data'
10  }
11}

querystring

When using the querystring transport it might be a good idea to limit the response data:

1{
2  "defaults": {
3    "response": ["tokens"]
4  }
5}

This will return only the tokens available, without the raw response data.

This is useful when using Grant as OAuth Proxy. Encoding potentially large amounts of data as querystring can lead to incompatibility issues with some servers and browsers, and generally is considered a bad practice.

session

Using the session transport is generally safer, but it also depends on the implementation of your session store.

In case your session store encodes the entire session in a cookie, not just the session ID, some servers may reject the HTTP request because of HTTP headers size being too big.

1{
2  "google": {
3    "response": ["tokens"]
4  }
5}

This will return only the tokens available, without the raw response data.

jwt

Grant can also return even larger response data by including the decoded JWT for OpenID Connect providers that return id_token:

1{
2  "google": {
3    "response": ["tokens", "raw", "jwt"]
4  }
5}

This will make the decoded JWT available in the response data:

1{
2  id_token: '...',
3  access_token: '...',
4  refresh_token: '...',
5  raw: {
6    id_token: '...',
7    access_token: '...',
8    refresh_token: '...',
9    some: 'other data'
10  },
11  jwt: {id_token: {header: {}, payload: {}, signature: '...'}}
12}

Make sure you include all of the response keys that you want to be returned when configuring the response data explicitly.

profile

Outside of the regular OAuth flow, Grant can also request the user profile:

1{
2  "google": {
3    "response": ["tokens", "profile"]
4  }
5}

Additionaly a profile key will be available in the response data:

1{
2  access_token: '...',
3  refresh_token: '...',
4  profile: {some: 'user data'}
5}

The profile key contains either the raw response data returned by the user profile endpoint or an error message.

Not all of the supported providers have their profile_url set, and some of them might require custom parameters. Usually the user profile endpoint is accessible only when certain scopes were requested.

Callback: Session

Grant uses session to persist state between HTTP redirects occurring during the OAuth flow. This session, however, was never meant to be used as persistent storage, even if that's totally possible.

Once you receive the response data in your callback route you are free to destroy that session.

However, there are a few session keys returned in your callback route, that you may find useful:

Dynamic Configuration

Dynamic: Instance

Every Grant instance have a config property attached to it:

1var grant = Grant(require('./config'))
2console.log(grant.config)

You can use the config property to alter the Grant's behavior during runtime without having to restart your server.

This property contains the generated configuration used internally by Grant, and changes made to that configuration affects the entire Grant instance!

Dynamic: State

The request/response lifecycle state can be used to alter configuration on every request:

1var state = {dynamic: {subdomain: 'usershop'}}
2res.locals.grant = state // Express
3ctx.state.grant = state // Koa
4req.plugins.grant = state // Hapi
5req.grant = state // Fastify
6await grant(..., state) // Serverless Function

This is useful in cases when you want to configure Grant dynamically with potentially sensitive data that you don't want to send over HTTP.

The request/response lifecycle state is not controlled by the dynamic configuration, meaning that you can override any configuration key.

Any allowed dynamic configuration key sent through HTTP GET/POST request will override the identical one set using a state override.

Dynamic: HTTP

The dynamic configuration allows certain configuration keys to be set dynamically over HTTP GET/POST request.

For example shopify requires your shop name to be embedded into the OAuth URLs, so it makes sense to allow the subdomain configuration key to be set dynamically:

1{
2  "shopify": {
3    "dynamic": ["subdomain"]
4  }
5}

Then you can have a web form on your website allowing the user to specify the shop name:

1<form action="/connect/shopify" method="POST" accept-charset="utf-8">
2  <input type="text" name="subdomain" value="" />
3  <button>Login</button>
4</form>

Making a POST request to the /connect/:provider/:override? route requires a form body parser middleware:

1.use(require('body-parser').urlencoded({extended: true})) // Express
2.use(require('koa-bodyparser')()) // Koa
3.register(require('@fastify/formbody')) // Fastify

Alternatively you can make a GET request to the /connect/:provider/:override? route:

https://awesome.com/connect/shopify?subdomain=usershop

Any dynamic configuration sent over HTTP GET/POST request overrides any other configuration.

Dynamic: OAuth Proxy

In case you really want to, you can allow dynamic configuration override of every configuration key for a provider:

1{
2  "github": {
3    "dynamic": true
4  }
5}

And the most extreme case is allowing even non preconfigured providers to be used dynamically:

1{
2  "defaults": {
3    "dynamic": true
4  }
5}

Essentially Grant is a completely transparent OAuth Proxy.

Misc

Misc: Redirect URI

The origin and the prefix configuration is used to generate the correct redirect_uri that Grant expects:

1{
2  "defaults": {
3    "origin": "https://mysite.com"
4  },
5  "google": {},
6  "twitter": {}
7}

The above configuration is identical to:

1{
2  "google": {
3    "redirect_uri": "https://mysite.com/connect/google/callback"
4  },
5  "twitter": {
6    "redirect_uri": "https://mysite.com/connect/twitter/callback"
7  }
8}

Explicitly specifying the redirect_uri overrides the one generated by default.

Misc: Custom Providers

You can define your own provider by adding a key for it in your configuration. In this case all of the required configuration keys have to be specified:

1{
2  "defaults": {
3    "origin": "http://localhost:3000"
4  },
5  "awesome": {
6    "authorize_url": "https://awesome.com/authorize",
7    "access_url": "https://awesome.com/token",
8    "oauth": 2,
9    "key": "...",
10    "secret": "...",
11    "scope": ["read", "write"]
12  }
13}

Take a look at the oauth.json file on how various providers are being configured.

Misc: Meta Configuration

You can document your configuration by adding custom keys to it:

1{
2  "google": {
3    "meta": {
4      "app": "My Awesome OAuth App",
5      "owner": "my_email@gmail.com",
6      "url": "https://url/to/manage/oauth/app"
7    }
8  }
9}

Note that meta is arbitrary key, but it cannot be one of the reserved keys.

Misc: Handler Constructors

Grant supports different ways of instantiation:

1// Express or any other handler
2var grant = require('grant').express()(config)
3var grant = require('grant').express()({config, ...})
4var grant = require('grant').express(config)
5var grant = require('grant').express({config, ...})
6var grant = require('grant')({handler: 'express', config, ...})

Using the new keyword is optional:

1var Grant = require('grant').express()
2var grant = Grant(config)
3var grant = new Grant(config)

Additionally Hapi accepts the configuration in two different ways:

1server.register([{plugin: grant(config)}])
2server.register([{plugin: grant(), options: config}])

Misc: Path Prefix

You can mount Grant under specific path prefix:

1// Express
2app.use('/oauth', grant(config))
3// Koa - using koa-mount
4app.use(mount('/oauth', grant(config)))
5// Hapi
6server.register([{routes: {prefix: '/oauth'}, plugin: grant(config)}])
7// Fastify
8server.register(grant(config), {prefix: '/oauth'})

In this case the prefix configuration should reflect that + any other path parts that you may have:

1{
2  "defaults": {
3    "origin": "http://localhost:3000",
4    "prefix": "/oauth/login"
5  }
6}

In this case you login by navigating to: http://localhost:3000/oauth/login/:provider

And the redirect_uri of your OAuth app should be http://localhost:3000/oauth/login/:provider/callback

Optionally you can prefix your callback routes as well:

1{
2  "github": {
3    "callback": "/oauth/login/hello"
4  }
5}

Misc: Request

The underlying HTTP client can be configured using the request option:

1var grant = require('grant').express({
2  config,
3  request: {agent, timeout: 5000}
4})

Fancy request logs are available too:

1npm i --save-dev request-logs
2DEBUG=req,res,json node app.js

Misc: ES Modules and TypeScript

Import Grant in your .mjs files:

1import express from 'express'
2import session from 'express-session'
3import grant from 'grant'
4import config from './config.json'
5
6express()
7  .use(session({}))
8  .use(grant.express(config))

Importing a .json file may require additional flag:

1node --experimental-json-modules app.mjs

Grant ships with extensive type definitions for TypeScript. Additonal type definitions and examples can be found here.

Misc: OAuth Quirks

Subdomain URLs

Some providers have dynamic URLs containing bits of user information embedded into them. Inside the main oauth.json configuration file such URLs contain a [subdomain] token embedded in them.

The subdomain option can be used to specify your company name, server region etc:

1"shopify": {
2  "subdomain": "mycompany"
3},
4"battlenet": {
5  "subdomain": "us"
6}

Then Grant will generate the correct OAuth URLs:

1"shopify": {
2  "authorize_url": "https://mycompany.myshopify.com/admin/oauth/authorize",
3  "access_url": "https://mycompany.myshopify.com/admin/oauth/access_token"
4},
5"battlenet": {
6  "authorize_url": "https://us.battle.net/oauth/authorize",
7  "access_url": "https://us.battle.net/oauth/token"
8}

Alternatively you can override the entire authorize_url and access_url in your configuration.

Sandbox OAuth URLs

Some providers may have Sandbox URLs to use while developing your app. To use them just override the entire request_url, authorize_url and access_url in your configuration (notice the sandbox bits):

1"paypal": {
2  "authorize_url": "https://www.sandbox.paypal.com/webapps/auth/protocol/openidconnect/v1/authorize",
3  "access_url": "https://api.sandbox.paypal.com/v1/identity/openidconnect/tokenservice"
4},
5"evernote": {
6  "request_url": "https://sandbox.evernote.com/oauth",
7  "authorize_url": "https://sandbox.evernote.com/OAuth.action",
8  "access_url": "https://sandbox.evernote.com/oauth"
9}

Sandbox Redirect URI

Very rarely you may need to override the redirect_uri that Grant generates for you.

For example Feedly supports only http://localhost as redirect URI of their Sandbox OAuth app, and it won't allow the correct http://localhost/connect/feedly/callback URL:

1"feedly": {
2  "redirect_uri": "http://localhost"
3}

In this case you'll have to redirect the user to the [origin][prefix]/[provider]/callback route that Grant uses to execute the last step of the OAuth flow:

1var qs = require('querystring')
2
3app.get('/', (req, res) => {
4  if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development' &&
5      req.session.grant &&
6      req.session.grant.provider === 'feedly' &&
7      req.query.code
8  ) {
9    res.redirect(`/connect/${req.session.grant.provider}/callback?${qs.stringify(req.query)}`)
10  }
11})

As usual you will receive the response data in your final callback route.

Provider Quirks

Ebay

Set the Redirect URI of your OAuth app as usual [origin][prefix]/[provider]/callback. Then Ebay will generate a special string called RuName (eBay Redirect URL name) that you need to set as redirect_uri in Grant:

1"ebay": {
2  "redirect_uri": "RUNAME"
3}

Flickr, Freelancer, Optimizely

Some providers are using custom authorization parameter to pass the requested scopes - Flickr perms, Freelancer advanced_scopes, Optimizely scopes, but you can use the regular scope option instead:

1"flickr": {
2  "scope": ["write"]
3},
4"freelancer": {
5  "scope": ["1", "2"]
6},
7"optimizely": {
8  "scope": ["all"]
9}

Mastodon

Mastodon requires the entire domain of your server to be embedded in the OAuth URLs. However you should use the subdomain option:

1"mastodon": {
2  "subdomain": "mastodon.cloud"
3}

Openstreetmap

Openstreetmap OAuth 2.0 applications have to use the openstreetmap2 provider:

1"openstreetmap2": {
2  "state": true,
3  "scope": [
4    "openid",
5    "read_prefs"
6  ]
7}

SurveyMonkey

Set your Mashery user name as key and your application key as api_key:

1"surveymonkey": {
2  "key": "MASHERY_USER_NAME",
3  "secret": "CLIENT_SECRET",
4  "custom_params": {"api_key": "CLIENT_ID"}
5}

Twitter

Twitter OAuth 1.0a custom scope parameter can be specified in two ways:

1"twitter": {
2  "custom_params": {"x_auth_access_type": "read"}
3}
4"twitter": {
5  "scope": ["read"]
6}

Twitter OAuth 2.0 applications have to use the twitter2 provider:

1"twitter2": {
2  "state": true,
3  "pkce": true,
4  "scope": [
5    "users.read",
6    "tweet.read"
7  ]
8}

VisualStudio

Set your Client Secret as secret not the App Secret:

1"visualstudio": {
2  "key": "APP_ID",
3  "secret": "CLIENT_SECRET instead of APP_SECRET"
4}